Volt-ampere characteristic curve: The relationship curve between the voltage applied across the PN junction and the current flowing through the diode is called the volt-ampere characteristic curve.
as the picture shows:
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Positive characteristics: The part u>0 is called positive characteristics.
Reverse characteristics: The part u<0 is called reverse characteristics
Reverse breakdown: When the reverse voltage exceeds a certain value U (BR), the reverse current increases sharply, which is called reverse breakdown.
Barrier capacitance: The capacitance equivalent to the change in the width of the depletion layer is called barrier capacitance Cb.
Varactor diode: When a reverse voltage is applied to the PN junction, Cb changes obviously with the change of u, and various varactor diodes are made. As shown below.
PN junction barrier capacitance
Balanced minority carrier: The minority carrier when the PN junction is in equilibrium is called the balanced minority carrier.
Non-equilibrium minority carriers: When the PN junction is in forward bias, the holes that diffuse from the P region to the N region and the free electrons that diffuse from the N region to the P region are both called non-equilibrium minority carriers.
Diffusion capacitance: The accumulation and release process of charge in the diffusion area is the same as the charging and discharging process of the capacitor. This capacitance effect is called Cd.
Junction capacitance: The sum of barrier capacitance and diffusion capacitance is the junction capacitance Cj of the PN junction.
